The geography of India consists of plains, peninsula plateaus, coastal regions, islands, and mountain ranges. The main mountain ranges of India are in turn divided into broken sub-chains and hills. These hills of Indian mountain ranges offer a very diverse system and unique biodiversity. The hills of India house famous mountain resorts, landscapes, natural beauties and a wide range of flora and fauna. The famous hills of Indian mountain ranges are the Malabar Hills, the Nilgiri Hills, the Chamundi Hills, the Gandhamardan Hills, the Naga Hills, the Tiger Hills and the most popular Nandi Hills.
1. SHIVALIK HILLS
The Shivalik Hills, the youngest mountain range in the Great Himalayas, stretching from Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand to Arunachal Pradesh. The Shivalik Hills are secondary mountain ranges of the Himalayas, with many other secondary chains spanning Nepal, Bhutan, and Sikkim. The hills of Siwalik are known for fossils of large animals such as the giant tortoise, the Sloth bear, and the Sivatherium. The Shivalik Fossil Park is next to the famous Doon Valley, also called Duns or Doons, the main attraction.
2. ANNAMALAI HILLS
Anamalai Hills is also known as Elephant Hill and is located on the border between Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Anamalai Hills is one of the subdivisions of the majestic Western Ghat with the highest peak of Anamudi at an altitude of 2,695 m in Kerala. The lower slopes of the beautiful Anamalai Hills are used for tea and coffee plantations and home to a wide range of wildlife in Eravikulam National Park, Anamalai Tiger Reserve, and Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary.
3. ASHAMBU HILLS
The Ashambu Hills, also known as Agasthyamalai Hills, situated between the Kollam District of Kerala and the Kanyakumari District of Tamil Nadu. Agasthyamalai is the highest peak among the other 26 peaks of the Ashambu Hills with a height of 1868 m (6,129 feet). These hills provide a natural habitat for more than 2,000 species of medicinal plants and a variety of endangered species. Ashambu Hills also has a good amount of annual rainfall and hosts several important rivers and waterfalls.
4. CARDAMOM HILLS
Cardamom Hills is located in the southeast of Kerala and belongs to the Great Western Ghats. Cardamom Hills is one of the World Heritage Sites selected and known for its cardamom, pepper and coffee spices. The mountainous terrain, dense forest and deep valley of the cardamom hills are home to the Periyar and Pamba rivers and protected areas for endangered species. The Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary, the Srivilliputtur Wildlife Sanctuary, and the Meghamalai Reserve Forest are home to the Indian elephant, the Nilgiri Tahr, lion-tailed macaque, Grizzled Giant Squirrel, and Great Indian Hornbill.
5. BILIGIRIRANGA HILLS
The Biligiriranga Hills Range is located at the confluence of two main mountain ranges in India: Majestic Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats. Biligiriranga Hills called B R Hills is famous for the Lord Venkatesha Temple and the diverse flora and fauna. Biligiriranga Hills offers animals the opportunity to visit mountain ranges and provide shelter for wild elephants, gaur the largest bovines and other large and small animals. Karnataka has more famous hills like the Chamundi Hills and the Nandi Hills.
6. PALANI HILLS
The Palani Hills are an extension of the areas of the western ghats in the state of Tamil Nadu. Palani Hills is one of South India’s premier tourist destinations, along with attractions such as Kodaikanal Hill Station, Lord Karthikeyan Temple, Mount Peaks, and the Palani Hills Wildlife Sanctuary.
7. NILGIRI HILLS
The Nilgiri Hills are a great variety of magnificent western ghats with more than 20 mountain peaks. The Nilgiri Hills, also called the Blue Mountains, are located at the crossroads of the three main states of South India, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. The Doddabetta peak is the highest peak in the Nilgiri at 2,637 meters, followed by Kolaribetta, Kattadadu, and Kulkudi. The Wildlife Corridor or Green Corridor is home to some of the highest waterfalls in India and provides habitat for countless species of flowering plants and so many exotic species.
8. NALLAMALA HILLS
The famous Nallamala Hills belong to the eastern Ghats Mountains that stretch across the Mahabubnagar and Kadapa districts of Andhra Pradesh. The hills of Nallamala run parallel to the beautiful coast of Coromandel and merge into the hills of Tirupati. The hills are known for their warm weather, dense forest with open jungle and the popular and beautiful Leopard wildlife. Ananthagiri Hills and Horsley Hills are other famous hills of Andhra Pradesh.
9. LUSHAI HILLS
The hills of Lushai are also called Mizo Hills and belong to the Patkai Mountains or to the Purvanchal Mountains of India. The hills of Lushai are rich in flora and fauna and covered by a dense bamboo jungle populated by the tribes of Mizo and Lushais in northeastern India.
10. GARO-KHASI-JAINTIA HILLS
The hills of Garo, Khasi and Jaintia are the three main mountains of the Patkai Mountains in the state of Meghalaya. The mountain range is extremely rich in flora and fauna and houses the highest waterfalls of India as well as Cherrapunji and Mawsynram, the wettest place on earth. The unique range of flora and fauna attracts naturalists and photographers to Meghalaya.
Images Source: Wikimedia Commons
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